Tuesday, 22 August 2023

Programming languages used to build ChatGPT

ChatGPT is built using a combination of programming languages. The underlying GPT-3.5 model, which powers ChatGPT, is predominantly written in Python. However, the entire system involves various components and technologies, so a mix of languages may be used for different parts, such as web interfaces, backend services, and infrastructure management. Other languages commonly used in such systems could include JavaScript, HTML/CSS, and potentially others for optimizing performance or specific tasks.


Certainly! In addition to Python, other programming languages and technologies play a role in building the complete ChatGPT system:

1. **JavaScript**: JavaScript is often used for building web interfaces and interactive elements, making it an essential part of the frontend development for the ChatGPT app or website.

2. **HTML/CSS**: HTML is used to structure the content and layout of web pages, while CSS is used to style and design the appearance of those pages. These are crucial for creating a user-friendly interface.

3. **Node.js**: Node.js is a JavaScript runtime that allows developers to run JavaScript on the server-side. It can be used to build backend services that handle various tasks, such as processing user requests and managing the application's logic.


4. **Docker**: Docker is used to create, deploy, and run applications in containers, which are isolated environments that package an application and its dependencies. This helps in ensuring consistency and reproducibility across different environments.

5. **SQL and NoSQL Databases**: Depending on the architecture, databases might be used to store user data, conversations, or other relevant information. SQL (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL) and NoSQL (e.g., MongoDB, Redis) databases might be employed for various data storage needs.

6. **TensorFlow or PyTorch**: These deep learning frameworks are used to train and fine-tune models like GPT-3.5. They provide the tools necessary for building and training neural networks.


7. **AWS, GCP, or Azure**: Cloud services like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), or Microsoft Azure could be used to host the infrastructure, manage resources, and ensure scalability and availability.

8. **Kubernetes**: Kubernetes is used for container orchestration, making it easier to manage and scale the deployment of containers across various servers.

9. **RESTful APIs**: APIs are used to facilitate communication between different components of the system. RESTful APIs are a common choice for building these communication channels.


10. **Git**: Git is a version control system that helps developers collaborate on code, track changes, and manage different versions of the software.

Remember, the specific languages and technologies used might vary depending on the architecture, team preferences, and the goals of the project.


11. **Ruby**: Ruby might be used for certain scripting tasks or backend components due to its ease of use and expressiveness.

12. **Java**: Java could be utilized for building robust backend services, handling heavy processing tasks, or integrating with enterprise systems.


13. **Go (Golang)**: Go is known for its efficiency and performance, making it a good choice for building high-performance components of the system.

14. **Rust**: Rust could be used for systems programming where performance and memory safety are crucial, such as in certain low-level parts of the infrastructure.

15. **GraphQL**: Instead of traditional RESTful APIs, GraphQL might be used for more flexible and efficient querying of data, enabling clients to request specific information.


16. **WebSockets**: WebSockets enable real-time communication between the client and the server, which is important for maintaining interactive and dynamic chat interfaces.

17. **RabbitMQ or Kafka**: Message brokers like RabbitMQ or Kafka might be used to manage communication between different services or components of the system.

18. **Elasticsearch**: Elasticsearch could be used for indexing and searching through large amounts of textual data, aiding in efficient retrieval of information.


19. **Nginx or Apache**: These web servers could be used to handle incoming requests, perform load balancing, and serve static content efficiently.

20. **GraphQL**: GraphQL could be used for designing and serving APIs that allow clients to request specific data, improving efficiency and reducing over-fetching of information.

21. **Prometheus and Grafana**: These tools might be used for monitoring and visualizing the system's performance, resource usage, and other metrics.


22. **OAuth or JWT**: These authentication and authorization protocols could be used to secure user access and manage permissions.

23. **Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) Tools**: Tools like Jenkins, CircleCI, or Travis CI might be used to automate the build, testing, and deployment of the application.

24. **Swagger/OpenAPI**: These tools could be used for documenting and designing APIs, making it easier for developers to understand and use them.

Remember, the technology stack for a project like ChatGPT is complex and multifaceted, and the specific choices can vary depending on factors like project goals, team expertise, and scalability requirements.


25. **GraphQL Subscriptions**: These allow real-time updates to be pushed from the server to the client, enhancing the interactivity of the chat interface.

26. **Machine Learning Frameworks (Scikit-learn)**: For specific machine learning tasks, frameworks like Scikit-learn might be used alongside deep learning frameworks to handle tasks such as data preprocessing and feature engineering.

27. **Natural Language Processing Libraries (NLTK, spaCy)**: These libraries could be used for text processing, language analysis, and entity recognition, which are important for understanding and generating human-like responses.


28. **MapReduce (Hadoop, Spark)**: For large-scale data processing and analysis, MapReduce frameworks might be used to efficiently distribute tasks across clusters of machines.

29. **WebSocket Libraries (Socket.IO)**: These libraries simplify the implementation of real-time communication between clients and servers using WebSockets.

30. **Caching Mechanisms (Memcached, Redis)**: Caching solutions like Memcached or Redis could be employed to store frequently accessed data and reduce the load on databases.

31. **Container Orchestration (Docker Swarm)**: In addition to Kubernetes, Docker Swarm could be used to manage and scale containers while simplifying deployment.

32. **Serverless Frameworks (AWS Lambda, Google Cloud Functions)**: Serverless architectures could be used for specific components to ensure efficient resource utilization and scaling.


33. **Microservices Architecture**: The system could be built using a microservices architecture, where different components are developed and deployed independently, enabling easier maintenance and scaling.

34. **Machine Learning Ops (MLOps) Tools**: Tools like Kubeflow or MLflow could be used to streamline the deployment and management of machine learning models.

35. **Service Mesh (Istio, Linkerd)**: For managing communication between microservices, a service mesh could be used to enhance observability, security, and control.

36. **Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)**: CDNs might be employed to distribute and cache static assets, ensuring faster content delivery to users across different regions.

37. **Version Control (GitLab, Bitbucket)**: Alongside Git, platforms like GitLab and Bitbucket provide collaboration tools, code hosting, and CI/CD pipelines.

38. **Data Serialization (JSON, Protocol Buffers)**: These formats are used to encode and transmit data efficiently between different parts of the system.


Keep in mind that the actual stack can vary based on project requirements, available resources, and the latest advancements in technology. The combination of these languages and technologies contributes to the robustness, scalability, and functionality of ChatGPT and similar complex systems.

Monday, 21 August 2023

LUNA-25

Luna 25 is a Russian space mission, part of the Luna-Glob program, intended to explore the Moon. It's designed to study the lunar surface and environment, including potential landing sites for future missions. The spacecraft is planned to launch from Baikonur Cosmodrome and carry scientific instruments to gather data about the Moon's composition, topography, and more. 



Luna 25, also known as Luna-Glob Lander, is Russia's next lunar mission aimed at conducting scientific research and exploration on the Moon's surface. The spacecraft is expected to carry a suite of scientific instruments to study various aspects of the Moon, such as its soil composition, mineral resources, and radiation levels. The mission is part of the broader Luna-Glob program, which includes a series of missions with the goal of exploring and understanding Earth's natural satellite.


Luna 25's primary objective is to perform a soft landing on the Moon's surface, specifically in the vicinity of the lunar south pole. This region is of interest due to its potential water ice deposits in permanently shadowed craters. Water ice could be a valuable resource for future human exploration and could also provide insights into the Moon's history and evolution.


The lander is designed to operate for about one year, during which it will conduct scientific experiments, gather data, and transmit its findings back to Earth. This mission could contribute valuable information for planning future lunar missions, including potential crewed missions and the establishment of a lunar base.


Please note that my information might not be up to date beyond September 2021, so I recommend checking with more recent sources for any developments or changes related to the Luna 25 mission.

Saturday, 19 August 2023

QEDMA Quantum Computing: Shaping the Future of Quantum Operating Systems

It's fascinating how QEDMA Quantum Computing is contributing to the development of quantum operating systems, which could revolutionize computing. These systems have the potential to unlock new capabilities, but there may still be challenges to overcome before they become mainstream.

Certainly, the work being done by QEDMA Quantum Computing in shaping the future of quantum operating systems is part of a broader effort to harness the power of quantum computing. Quantum operating systems differ from classical ones due to the unique nature of quantum bits (qubits), which can exist in multiple states simultaneously through quantum superposition.


QEDMA's advancements might involve creating efficient methods for managing qubits, optimizing error correction, and designing algorithms that take advantage of quantum parallelism. As quantum hardware improves, these operating systems could enable faster and more complex computations, impacting fields such as cryptography, optimization, and scientific simulations.

However, challenges remain, such as qubit stability, error rates, and scalability. The quantum landscape is still evolving, and developing quantum operating systems that can handle these challenges while being user-friendly and compatible with existing technology is an exciting and complex task. As researchers continue to innovate and collaborate, the potential for quantum operating systems to reshape computing as we know it becomes increasingly promising.

Entropica Labs: Shaping the Future of the Quantum Software Stack

Entropica Labs is a company focused on advancing the development of quantum software. They aim to play a significant role in shaping the future of the quantum software stack by creating tools and solutions that harness the power of quantum computing. Their work could have far-reaching implications for various industries and scientific research.



Entropica Labs is at the forefront of quantum computing innovation, working to build a robust and efficient quantum software stack. Their team of experts is dedicated to addressing the challenges of quantum programming, optimization, and error correction. By collaborating with leading researchers and organizations, Entropica Labs is pushing the boundaries of what's possible in quantum computing, paving the way for practical applications and breakthroughs in fields such as cryptography, materials science, and optimization problems. As the quantum computing landscape continues to evolve, Entropica Labs is poised to make a lasting impact on the development and utilization of this transformative technology.

Monty Hall Problems

The Monty Hall problem is a probability puzzle named after a game show host. In the problem, you're presented with three doors. Behind one of the doors is a valuable prize, and behind the other two doors are goats. You choose a door, and then the host, who knows what's behind each door, opens one of the other two doors to reveal a goat. You're then given the option to stick with your original choice or switch to the remaining unopened door. Surprisingly, the probability of winning is higher if you switch doors. This is because the host's action provides additional information that affects the probabilities.



Here's a step-by-step explanation of how to solve the Monty Hall problem:

1. **Initial Choice**: You start by choosing one of the three doors (let's say Door A) without knowing what's behind any of them.

2. **Host's Reveal**: The host, who knows what's behind each door, opens one of the other two doors (let's say Door B) to reveal a goat. The host will always reveal a goat, as they have this knowledge.

3. **Consider Your Options**: At this point, you have two unopened doors: the one you initially chose (Door A) and the other one (Door C). The key decision is whether to stick with your initial choice or switch to the other unopened door.

4. **Probability Analysis**:
   - If you stick with your initial choice (Door A), your probability of winning remains 1/3, as it was initially.
   - If you switch to the other unopened door (Door C), your probability of winning increases to 2/3.

5. **Understanding the Probability Shift**: This increased probability when switching doors occurs because of the way the host's reveal affects the situation. When you initially choose, there's a 1/3 chance that you've picked the prize door. But if you switch after the host reveals a goat, your chances increase because the 2/3 probability that you didn't initially choose the prize is now concentrated on the unopened door.


6. **Final Choice**: Based on the probabilities, it's statistically better to switch doors if your goal is to maximize your chances of winning the prize. However, it's important to note that individual outcomes can still vary, and in some cases, sticking with your initial choice might yield a win.

In summary, the Monty Hall problem demonstrates a counterintuitive result: switching doors gives you a higher chance of winning than sticking with your initial choice. This paradoxical outcome is often a source of fascination and discussion in the realm of probability and decision-making.

Thursday, 10 August 2023

Power BI

Power BI is a business analytics service by Microsoft that provides interactive visualizations and business intelligence capabilities with an interface simple enough for end users to create their own reports and dashboards. It's used to transform data into meaningful insights for better decision-making. 


Certainly! Power BI allows you to connect to various data sources, such as databases, Excel files, cloud services, and more. You can then transform and shape the data using Power Query, create relationships between different data tables, and design interactive reports and dashboards using Power BI Desktop.


The Power BI service lets you publish these reports and dashboards to the Power BI web service, making them accessible to others in your organization. Users can view and interact with the reports online, and you can also set up data refresh schedules to keep the reports up to date.

Additionally, Power BI offers a wide range of visualization options, including charts, maps, tables, and custom visuals created by the community. You can also use DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) to create calculated columns and measures for advanced calculations.


Power BI integrates with other Microsoft tools like Excel and Azure, and it can be embedded into other applications and websites. Overall, it's a powerful tool for data analysis, visualization, and sharing insights with your team or stakeholders.

Sunday, 6 August 2023

Gravitational Lensing and Quasars

Gravitational lensing is a phenomenon predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity, where the gravitational field of a massive object, like a galaxy or a cluster of galaxies, bends and distorts the path of light from a background source, such as a quasar. This distortion can create multiple images of the same quasar or even amplify its brightness, allowing us to study distant and faint objects that would otherwise be difficult to observe. 



Quasars are incredibly luminous and distant objects believed to be powered by supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies. When a quasar's light is gravitationally lensed, it can provide valuable insights into the distribution of dark matter and the properties of massive objects in the universe.

The Whispering Shadows [Chapter 1 – Arrival at Dusk]

Chapter 1 – Arrival at Dusk

As dusk claimed dominance over daylight, a bus coughed its way into a small town flanked by towering trees casting long shadows under their leafy crowns. From it descended Ishwari- an ambitious journalist drawn towards this remote location after hearing myriad tales about its ghostly charm.

Eerie quietness hung around like a thick blanket making every footstep echo ominously as she walked toward her rented room above ‘Radha’s Inn’. It was here that she first met Radha- an old woman with wrinkles tracing deep lines of wisdom on her face; eyes held stories untold while lips sealed them off with determined silence.


“Welcome dear,” said Radha warmly but not without noticing how unsettled Ishwari looked as darkness swallowed up remnants of daylight completely.

As they sat down for a warm meal, Radha began sharing tales of the town’s history. She spoke of an ancient mansion nestled deep within the woods, shrouded in stories of hauntings and strange occurrences. The townsfolk seldom ventured near it after sunset, she said, her voice barely above a whisper.


The mention of the haunted mansion piqued Ishwari’s curiosity. Her eyes lit up with an unspoken thrill that only those who sought mysteries would understand. Radha noticed this change and offered a word of caution, “It isn’t just a story, dear.”

Yet by then, Ishwari was already lost in thoughts about exploring the mansion. She decided to visit it first thing next morning and perhaps meet its inhabitants if any lived there still.

As she retired to bed that night, an unsettling quietness filled her room along with whispers from nearby trees rustling under nocturnal winds – sounds that seemed eerily familiar yet alien all at once.


The night was filled with strange sounds. Ishwari tossed and turned, her mind filled with Radha’s tales of the mansion and its eerie past. The wind whistled through the cracks in her window, carrying whispers of forgotten stories that only added to her restlessness.

As dawn approached, she finally succumbed to sleep, dreaming of shadowy figures lurking behind ancient trees and a mansion standing tall amidst perpetual darkness. The dream was so vivid it felt like a premonition.


She woke up just as the first rays of sunlight began to peek into her room. Despite the restless night, she felt an inexplicable energy coursing through her veins. After a quick breakfast with Radha who looked even more worried than last night, Ishwari set out towards the mansion.

As she walked deeper into the woods following Radha’s directions, everything around seemed to change subtly; birds chirping less cheerfully while shadows grew darker despite daylight overhead. She could see it now- an imposing structure looming ahead like a silent sentinel guarding secrets within its stone walls.


Ishwari hesitated for a moment before stepping onto the cobblestone path leading towards it. An uncanny chill ran down her spine but she shrugged off any fear creeping into her heart reminding herself about why she was here – To uncover hidden truths no matter how terrifying they might be!

As Ishwari approached the mansion, she felt an uncanny presence. The mansion stood tall and ominous amidst the dense woods, its stone walls whispering tales of long-forgotten times. She paused for a moment to absorb the sight before her; it was just as Radha had described – eerie yet fascinating.


She walked up the pathway lined with ancient trees that seemed to have witnessed centuries pass by. Their shadows danced on the ground, creating patterns that sent chills down Ishwari’s spine.

The large wooden door creaked open under her touch revealing an opulent interior shrouded in dust and gloom. As she stepped inside, she could almost hear echoes from past – laughter, cries, whispers – all blending into an eerie symphony that filled every corner of this place.


Ishwari explored each room meticulously but found nothing unusual except for a strange chill that seemed to follow her around. Just when she was about to leave disappointedly thinking maybe Radha’s stories were merely folklore after all, something caught her eye in one of upstairs rooms.

It was a portrait of two children who looked eerily similar to Yuvraj and Vaishnavi whom Radha had mentioned during their conversation last night. A sudden realization dawned upon Ishwari making her heart pound wildly against her chest – Perhaps those haunting experiences weren’t mere figments of imagination but horrifying realities trapped within these walls!


Ishwari stood frozen, staring at the portrait. The children in it had a haunted look in their eyes that sent shivers down her spine. She traced her fingers over the canvas, feeling an odd connection with them.

Suddenly, she felt a cold gust of wind sweeping through the room despite all windows being shut tight. The chandelier overhead swayed violently as if moved by unseen hands while distant whispers filled the air around her.

Terrified yet intrigued, Ishwari decided to spend the night in this mansion hoping to encounter something more substantial than mere whispers and chilling winds. She returned to Radha’s place briefly to fetch some essentials and inform her about staying overnight at the mansion.


Radha looked horrified upon hearing this but didn’t protest knowing well that Ishwari was not someone who would back off easily once determined. “Just be careful,” she said handing over an old talisman for protection against evil spirits prevalent in local folklore.

As Ishwari walked back towards the mansion under a starless sky, she couldn’t shake off an unsettling feeling of being watched closely from behind those towering trees surrounding it on all sides. Nevertheless, she stepped inside resolutely readying herself for whatever lay ahead!
 

The Whispering Shadows [Chapter 2 – Echoes from the Past]

Chapter 2 – Echoes from the Past

Ishwari spent the evening exploring more rooms in the mansion, each one echoing its own tale of past. She came across a library filled with dusty volumes, some dating back centuries. Among them, she found an old diary that seemed to belong to Yuvraj and Vaishnavi’s ancestors.

As she flipped through its brittle pages under the flickering candlelight, she was drawn into a world of royal feuds and dark magic that once dominated this mansion. It spoke about a curse cast upon this place by an aggrieved sorcerer whose love was spurned by one of their ancestors.


The curse stated that every generation living within these walls would be tormented by unseen forces until someone brave enough confronts this darkness and breaks it forever.

Feeling her heart pound with excitement and fear, Ishwari realized why Radha had been so apprehensive about her staying here overnight. The haunting experiences weren’t just mere ghostly encounters but manifestations of a centuries-old curse!



Chapter 2 – Unveiling the Curse

As Ishwari delved deeper into the diary, she came across various accounts of eerie occurrences that had plagued the mansion’s inhabitants. There were tales of children waking up with unexplainable bruises, objects moving on their own, and terrifying apparitions appearing in mirrors.

She also found entries about Yuvraj and Vaishnavi’s parents who disappeared mysteriously one night leaving behind their young children alone to face this curse. The town was too scared to intervene fearing they might become victims of this curse themselves.


The diary ended abruptly without revealing any clues about how to break this curse. However, it did mention an old sage living deep within the forest who might hold some answers.

Ishwari decided she would seek him out once dawn breaks but for now, she needed to survive through this night inside these haunted walls. She could already feel an unseen presence lurking around her as darkness thickened outside casting long shadows inside the mansion.

With a heavy heart yet unwavering determination, Ishwari returned back to her temporary quarters within the mansion clutching tightly onto Radha’s talisman praying it protects her from whatever evil resided here.


Chapter 2 – Night of the Shadows

As Ishwari lay in bed, she could hear the mansion creaking under the weight of its dark history. Strange whispers filled her room, making her skin prickle with unease. She felt a chill run down her spine as an unseen force seemed to pass through her room.

Despite the fear gnawing at her, she reminded herself that she was here on a mission – to uncover this town’s secrets and free Yuvraj and Vaishnavi from their torment.

She remembered Radha’s words about how no one had ever survived a night alone in this mansion. But Ishwari wasn’t just anyone; she was a seasoned journalist who had faced danger before.


Suddenly, an eerie silence fell over the mansion as if time itself had stopped. Then came a chilling scream from another part of the house which made Ishwari jump out of her bed instantly.

Recognizing it as Vaishnavi’s voice, Ishwari sprinted towards it without thinking twice about what might be waiting for her in those shadowy corridors. As she neared Vaishnavi’s room, she could hear sobbing mixed with hushed comforting words from Yuvraj.

Taking deep breaths to steady herself, Ishwari knocked lightly on their door preparing herself for yet another horrifying revelation within these haunted walls.


Chapter 2 – Unseen Terror

Ishwari entered the room to find Yuvraj trying to comfort a sobbing Vaishnavi, who was pointing towards her mirror. The mirror reflected nothing but an empty room, yet Vaishnavi insisted she had seen a shadowy figure standing behind her.

Yuvraj explained that such incidents were common and they had learned to live with them. But Ishwari could see the fear in their eyes; it was not just living, it was surviving each day.

As she tried to console Vaishnavi, Ishwari noticed an old photograph on the bedside table. It showed a happy family – Yuvraj and Vaishnavi’s parents smiling at the camera while holding their young children close.


Feeling a pang of sadness for these orphaned siblings, Ishwari promised herself that she would uncover this mansion’s secrets and put an end to their suffering.

She spent the rest of the night in their room sharing stories from her travels trying to lighten up their mood until sleep claimed them all.

However, as dawn approached bringing along some respite from those haunting shadows, another chilling realization dawned upon Ishwari – those whispers weren’t just random noises but seemed like cries for help trapped within these ancient walls echoing through centuries.

With newfound determination fueled by this revelation and Radha’s talisman still clutched tightly in her hand providing some solace amidst this terror, Ishwari decided it was time to seek out that sage mentioned in Radha’s diary hoping he held answers needed for freeing this town from its haunted past.


Chapter 2 – A Dawn of Realization

As the first light of dawn filtered through the curtains, Ishwari looked at Yuvraj and Vaishnavi sleeping peacefully. It was hard to imagine that these innocent souls were living amidst such terror. She knew she had to act fast.

She left a note for them explaining her plan to visit the sage and promising them that they would soon be free from this haunting menace.

Leaving the mansion behind, she walked towards Radha’s house hoping she could provide directions to find the sage. As Ishwari approached Radha’s cottage, she felt a strange sense of calmness washing over her despite knowing what lay ahead in her journey.


Radha welcomed Ishwari with warm tea and provided detailed instructions on finding the sage who lived deep within those shadowy hills surrounding their town.

Armed with hope and determination, Ishwari set out on her daunting mission leaving behind Radha’s comforting presence. The dense forest seemed even more intimidating now but remembering Vaishnavi’s terrified face gave her strength to move forward.

As she ventured deeper into woods following Radha’s instructions carefully, an uncanny silence enveloped around making every rustle sound like whispers echoing from trees themselves as if they held stories untold just like that ancient mansion.


However, amidst all this eeriness came a ray of optimism when finally after hours of trekking uphill through winding trails, she saw smoke rising from a distance indicating human presence – perhaps it was where the sage resided.

Friday, 4 August 2023

рдЖрдЭाрджी рдХा рдЕрдоृрддрдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡

"рдЖрдЭाрджी рдХा рдЕрдоृрддрдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡" рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рднाрд░рддाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा 75 рд╡्рдпा рд╡рд░्рд╖िрдХोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдЪी рд╕्рдоृрддिрдоोрд╣рдХ рдЖрдпोрдЬрдиा. рдпा рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рджрд░рдо्рдпाрди рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ाрддीрд▓ рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рдкूрд░्рдг рдШрдЯрдиांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдгि рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдЧрддрддेрдЪ्рдпा рдк्рд░рдХрд░рдгांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдпोрдЬрдиाрдд рд╕рдоाрд╡ेрд╢ рд╣ोрдгाрд░े рдЖрд╣े. рдпा рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ाрдиे рднाрд░рддीрдп рдЬрдирддेрдЪ्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрдиुрднрд╡ांрдЪी рдЖрдгि рд╢рдХ्рддीрдЪी рдЖрджрд░्рд╢рдк्рд░рдж рдЖрдгि рдЙрдд्рд╕ाрд╣рд╡рд░्рдзрди рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдЙрдж्рджिрд╖्рдЯांрд╕ाрдаी рдЖрдпोрдЬिрдд рдХेрд▓े рдЖрд╣े.



"рдЖрдЭाрджी рдХा рдЕрдоृрддрдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡" рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рднाрд░рддाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा 75 рд╡्рдпा рд╡рд░्рд╖िрдХोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдЪी рд╕्рдоृрддिрдоोрд╣рдХ рдЖрдпोрдЬрдиा. рдпा рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рджрд░рдо्рдпाрди рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ाрддीрд▓ рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рдкूрд░्рдг рдШрдЯрдиांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдгि рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдЧрддрддेрдЪ्рдпा рдк्рд░рдХрд░рдгांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдпोрдЬрдиाрдд рд╕рдоाрд╡ेрд╢ рд╣ोрдгाрд░े рдЖрд╣े. 

рд╣्рдпा рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ाрдиे рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрдиुрднрд╡ांрдЪी рд╕ाрдоाрди्рдп рдЬрдирддेрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ोрдмрдд рд╕ाрдоाрдпिрдХ рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪा рдк्рд░рдпрдд्рди рдХेрд▓ा рдЬाрддो, рдд्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдд्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдЧрдд рд╕ंрд╡ाрджांрдордз्рдпे рд╕рд╣рднाрдЧी рд╡्рд╣ाрдпрд▓ा рдоिрд│рддो.


рдЖрдЬрдЪ्рдпा рд╡ेрд│ी, рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рд╕рдоाрдЬाрддीрд▓ рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдЕंрд╢, рдзाрд░्рдоिрдХрддा, рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддी, рдХрд▓ा, рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рдЖрдгि рддंрдд्рд░рдЬ्рдЮाрдиाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡िрдХाрд╕ाрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрд░्рдЧाрдд рднाрд░рддाрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣ाрди рдпाрдд्рд░ेрдЪ्рдпा рдкुрдирд░ाрд╡рд▓ोрдХрдиाрдЪा рдХ्рд╖рдг рдЖрд╣े.

рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рдЖрдд्рдордиिрд░्рднрд░ рднाрд░рддाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рдк्рдиांрдиा рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рдоिрд│рд╡рдг्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдоुрдж्рдж्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рддрд╣ाрдиे рдпा рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдд рд╕ंрдмंрдзिрдд рдШрдЯрдиांрдЪ्рдпा рдк्рд░рджрд░्рд╢рдиी, рдк्рд░рджрд░्рд╢рдиी, рдЙрдкрдХ्рд░рдоांрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрдз्рдпрдоाрддूрди рдпोрдЬрдиा рдЖрд╣ेрдд. 

рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрд╢ीрд░्рд╡ाрджी рд╡ाрддाрд╡рд░рдгाрддूрди рдЕрднिрд╡ाрджрди рдХрд░ूрди, рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдд्рдпा рдорд╣ाрдЧाрдеेрддीрд▓ рдпोрдЧрджाрдиाрдЪे рд╕्рдорд░рдг рдЖрд╡рдбрдгाрд░े рдЖрд╣े.



"рдЖрдЭाрджी рдХा рдЕрдоृрддрдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡" рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рдкूрд░्рдг рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░рд╣рдгीрдп рдШрдЯрдиांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдпोрдЬрдиाрдд рд╕рдоाрд╡ेрд╢ рд╣ोрдгाрд░े рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡. рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдШрдЯрдиांрдЪी рд╡ाрдЯрдк рдХрд░ूрди, рдд्рдпा рдпोрдЧрджाрдирдХрд░्рдд्рдпांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдд्рдоा рдЖрдгि рдмрд▓िрджाрдиांрдиा рд╕рд▓ाрдоी рджेрдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕ंрдзी рдЖрд╣े.

рд╣्рдпा рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ाрдиे рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддीрдЪ्рдпा рд╡िрд╡िрдзрддेрдЪ्рдпा рдк्рд░рджрд░्рд╢рдиी, рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддीрдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд░рдо, рд▓ोрдХрдоेрд│ांрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрдз्рдпрдоाрддूрди рднाрд░рддाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡िрд╡िрдзрддेрдЪे рдЕрдж्рдпाрддрдиिрдд рдЪिрдд्рд░рдг рдХेрд▓े рдЬाрдИрд▓.


рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдпा рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдд рднाрдЧ рдШेрдКрди рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рд╕ंрдЧрдгрдХीрдп рдпोрдЧ्рдпрддांрдЪा рд╡ाрдкрд░ рдХрд░ूрди, рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдбिрдЬिрдЯрд▓ рдк्рд░рдХрд▓्рдкांрдордз्рдпे рд╕рд╣рднाрдЧी рд╡्рд╣ाрдпрд▓ा рдоिрд│рдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣े. рдпाрдд्рд░ेрдЪ्рдпा рджिрд╢ेрдиे рднाрд░рддाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕рдоृрдж्рдзीрдЪ्рдпा рдк्рд░рдХ्рд╖ेрдкрдгाрдЪ्рдпा рдпोрдЬрдиेрдЪे рдЪिрдд्рд░рдг рдХेрд▓े рдЬाрдИрд▓.

"рдЖрдЭाрджी рдХा рдЕрдоृрддрдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡" рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рдирд╡्рдпाрдиे рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдзिрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрдз्рдпрдоाрддूрди рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рджेрд╢ाрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрдЧ्рд░рдгी рдоुрдж्рдж्рдпांрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ंрд╡ाрдж рд╕ुрд░ु рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ рдоिрд│рд╡рддाрдиा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪी рдзрд░ोрд╣рд░ рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рд╕्рдорд░рдгाрдд рдпेрдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣े.


"рдЖрдЭाрджी рдХा рдЕрдоृрддрдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡" рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рдПрдХ рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рдкूрд░्рдг рдк्рд▓ेрдЯрдлॉрд░्рдо рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рджेрд╢рднрдХ्рддीрдЪ्рдпा рднाрд╡рдиा рдЖрдгि рд╕рдорд░्рдкрдгाрдЪी рдЕрдж्рд╡िрддीрдп рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░े рджेрдгाрд░ी рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡े. рдпा рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрддूрди рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рджेрд╢ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрдЧ्рд░рдгी рдоुрдж्рдж्рдпांрдЪ्рдпा рд╡िрдЪाрд░ांрдЪ्рдпा рд╕рдорд░्рдердиाрдЪी рдЖрдгि рд╡िрд░ोрдзाрдЪी рдоाрдз्рдпрдоिрдХा рдоिрд│рдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣े.

рдпा рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рджрд░рдо्рдпाрди рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рджेрд╢ाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ाрдЪ्рдпा рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рдкूрд░्рдг рдЖрдгि рдЕрдж्рд╡िрддीрдп рдк्рд░рдоाрдгांрдЪी рдЕрдиुрднрд╡ाрдпрд▓ा рдоिрд│ेрд▓. рд╡िрднिрди्рди рдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪ्рдпा рдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд░рдоांрдордз्рдпे рд╕рд╣рднाрдЧी рд╡्рд╣ाрдпрд▓ा рдоिрд│рдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣े, рдЬ्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдХ्рд╖ेрдд्рд░ाрддीрд▓ рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдзिрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрдж्рд╡िрддीрдп рджृрд╖्рдЯिрдХोрдиाрдиे рдкрд░िрдЪिрдд рд╣ोрдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕ंрдзी рдоिрд│рдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣े.


рдорд╣ोрдд्рд╕рд╡ाрддीрд▓ рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд░рдоांрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрдз्рдпрдоाрддूрди рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддीрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдгि рддрдд्рдд्рд╡рдЬ्рдЮाрдиाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдкрд╣िрд▓्рдпा рдЖрдгि рдЕрдж्рд╡िрддीрдп рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХрддांрдЪे рдЕрдиुрднрд╡ рд╣ोрдИрд▓. рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рджेрд╢ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрдиेрдХ рдЧौрд░рд╡рдкूрд░्рдг рд╕ंрдЧрдардиांрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ंрд╡ाрджांрдордз्рдпे рд╕рд╣рднाрдЧी рд╡्рд╣ाрдпрд▓ा рдоिрд│рдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣े, рдЬ्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдд्рдпा рд╕ंрдЧрдардиांрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ाрдоाрдЬिрдХ рдХाрд░्рдпांрдЪी рд╡ाрдЯрдк рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░े рдоिрд│рдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣ेрдд.

рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рджेрд╢ाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддेрдЪ्рдпा рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдзिрдЪ्рдпा рд╕рд░्рд╡ांрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ाрдеी рд╡्рд╣ाрдпрд▓ा рдоिрд│ेрд▓ рдЖрдгि рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдд्рдпा рдорд╣ाрдЧाрдеेрддीрд▓ рдпोрдЧрджाрдиाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡िрдЪाрд░ांрдЪी рдорд░्рдЬीрд▓ा рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЖрдгि рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рджेрд╢ाрдЪ्рдпा рднрд╡िрд╖्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рджिрд╢ेрдиे рдпोрдЬрдиांрдиी рдпोрдЧрджाрди рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕ंрдзी рдоिрд│рдгाрд░ी рдЖрд╣े.

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