1. The Field: A football match is played on a rectangular field with specific dimensions. The field should have boundaries marked by touchlines (sidelines) and goal lines. At the center of each goal line, there is a goal.
2. Number of Players: Each team consists of 11 players, including a goalkeeper. A team must have a minimum of 7 players on the field to start or continue a match.
3. Duration of the Match: A football match consists of two halves, typically lasting 45 minutes each. The referee may add extra time at the end of each half to compensate for stoppages during play.
4. Start and Restart of Play: The match begins with a kickoff, where one team kicks the ball from the center spot. The ball is in play once it is kicked and moves forward. The game is restarted after a goal is scored or when the ball goes out of bounds by a throw-in, goal kick, or corner kick.
5. Ball In and Out of Play: The ball is considered out of play when it fully crosses the touchlines or goal lines, either on the ground or in the air. Play is restarted with appropriate methods mentioned earlier.
6. Offside: A player is in an offside position if they are nearer to the opponent's goal line than both the ball and the second-to-last defender when the ball is played to them. It is not an offense to be in an offside position but becomes an offense if the player involved gains an advantage from being in that position.
7. Fouls and Misconduct: Various fouls and acts of misconduct can occur during a match. Common fouls include tripping, pushing, holding, and dangerous play. Misconduct can result in disciplinary actions such as yellow cards (cautions) and red cards (send-offs).
8. Free Kicks: Free kicks are awarded when a foul is committed. The opposing team is given the opportunity to take a free kick from the location where the foul occurred.
9. Penalties: Penalties are awarded for fouls committed inside the penalty area. The attacking team takes a penalty kick from the penalty spot, with only the goalkeeper defending the goal.
10. Throw-ins: When the ball goes out of bounds over the touchline, a throw-in is awarded to the opposing team. The player must use both hands to throw the ball from behind and over their head while keeping both feet on the ground.
11. Goal Kicks: When the ball goes out of bounds over the goal line and was last touched by an attacker, a goal kick is awarded to the defending team. The goalkeeper takes a goal kick by placing the ball anywhere within the six-yard box and kicking it back into play.
12. Corner Kicks: When the ball goes out of bounds over the goal line and was last touched by a defender, a corner kick is awarded to the attacking team. The attacking team takes a corner kick from the corner arc nearest to where the ball went out of bounds.
These are the basic rules of football, but there are additional details and specific regulations within each rule. It's important to note that the rules may have slight variations based on different competition levels, governing bodies, and local associations.
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